After Hurricane Helene sent its storm surge into Florida鈥檚 west coast in late September, local emergency responders and health care workers pulled long hours on the job. Then came Hurricane Milton right behind it, with Category 3 winds and rains wreaking havoc not just to property, but the patience and nerves of those same exhausted crews.
A study by researchers at USF鈥檚 (COPH) addresses the stresses caused not only by these natural disasters, but lingering epidemics such as COVID-19, and the long-term psychological impact on people trying to help the public.
The team summarized its findings in the paper published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Although the study focuses primarily on the height of the COVID pandemic, its lessons apply equally to the post-traumatic problems that arise in the aftermath of natural disasters and other calamities.
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Findings showed that Florida public health employees had high levels of confidence in the quality and effectiveness of their work, but also high levels of emotional exhaustion, cynicism and burnout. What made the most difference in their intention to quit their jobs or not was the work environment and how supported they felt by higher-ups.
鈥淚f we neglect the well-being of the frontline public health workforce, we risk weakening our entire response system,鈥欌�� said , a COPH instructor and co-author on the study. 鈥淏y understanding the challenges and stressors they face, we can create more effective support strategies and build stronger, more resilient communities in the face of compounding threats.鈥�
Florida鈥檚 public health workforce faced unprecedented challenges during the compounding COVID-19 pandemic and from subsequent active hurricane seasons. The study set out to better understand burnout within the workforce and identify strategies to better support its people.
To assess the impact of COVID and hurricane response efforts, the authors used a cross-sectional survey to address burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intention, job demands and resources, and organizational support at the height of the pandemic in 2021. The study involved 891 Florida Department of Health (FDOH) workers.
They found that about half of the respondents reported experiencing burnout, which is linked to job dissatisfaction and turnover intention. Strategies to support and retain this essential workforce include improving staffing, salaries, flexibility, training, resources and leadership.
鈥淏urnout is an important occupational hazard to investigate because it can have significant consequences,鈥欌�� the authors say. 鈥淲hen employees experience burnout, their quality of work and personal well-being suffer, as does the health and well-being of the public.鈥欌��
The study confirms findings from the research team鈥檚 previous studies of public health workers across the country and data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which reported significant increases in poor mental health days, burnout and turnover intention in 2022 due to the heightened burdens of COVID-19.
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USF鈥檚 mixed-methods study provides valuable insight into burnout, stress and training needs of a constrained state health agency simultaneously responding to biological and natural hazards. Highlighting the stress points that emerged under such unique circumstances gives researchers and practitioners new knowledge to develop mitigation strategies for emergency management occupational hazards.
鈥淲e are committed partners to the Florida Department of Health and other state agencies, doing what we can as the College of Public Health through research, evaluation and service to support our public health workforce,鈥� says , director of the (ERC)..